Discharge在法律英语中的多层含义

Discharge在法律英语中常见的含义有以下三层：

1. 履行

示例一：

All these measures are designed to enable National Commissions to discharge fully their responsibilities and to play an effective role in the decentralization process.

参考译文：所有这些措施的制定都是为了使全国委员会能够充分地履行其职责，在非集中化过程中发挥积极有效的作用。

2. 解除、免除

示例一：

Any security interest referred to in subparagraph (i), (ii) or (iii) and which extends to future advances or liabilities shall, on and from the appointed day, be available to Bank of East Asia (whether for its own benefit or, as the case may be, for the benefit of any other person) as security for the payment or discharge of future advances and liabilities to the same extent and in the same manner in all respects as future advances by, or liabilities to, First Pacific Bank or, as the case may be, Bank of East Asia were secured thereby immediately before that day.

参考译文：第(i)、(ii)或(iii)节所提述并扩及适用于未来贷款或法律责任的抵押权益，自指定日期起，须由东亚银行（不论是为该银行本身的利益，或是为其他人的利益）作为保证未来贷款及法律责任获得偿付或解除的抵押权益，其可供使用的范围及方式，在各方面而言均与在紧接该日之前，其作为保证第一太平银行或东亚银行（视属何情况而定）的未来贷款获得偿付或法律责任获得解除的抵押权益一样。

示例二：

During the first biennium of the Medium-Term Strategy, it is proposed that Major Programme V will discharge its programmatic leadership with respect to the 34 C/4 strategic programme objectives “Enhancing universal access to quality information” and “Fostering pluralistic, free and independent media and infostructures” by concentrating on the above biennial sectoral programme priority.

参考译文：在《中期战略》的第一个双年度里，建议重大计划 V 在实施 34 C/4 的战略性计划目标：“促进有质量的信息的普及利用”和“加强多元、自由和独立的媒体与信息机构”方面不再承担计划的牵头任务，将集中力量执行上述之双年度部门优先事项。

分析：“履行”和“免除”、“解除”是两种截然不同的意思，因此，要透彻理解这些词义，必须结合上下文，仔细推敲。在翻译时，绝不能孤立地、片面地和静止地区理解条款中的词义，而应全面、客观地去理解和选择词义。

3. 卸货（主要出现在提单等国际贸易往来文件中）

示例一：

Subject to article 6, this Convention applies to contracts of carriage in which the place of receipt and the place of delivery are in different States, and the port of loading of a sea carriage and the port of discharge of the same sea carriage are in different States, if, according to the contract of carriage, any one of the following places is located in a Contracting State.

除须遵循第六条的规定外，本公约适用于收货地和交货地位于不同国家且海上运输装货港和同一海上运输卸货港位于不同国家的运输合同，条件是运输合同约定以下地点之一位于一缔约国。

转载自：译问  作者：旗渡法务中心