参赞发声 | 携手维护多边贸易体制！

7月14日

驻印度使馆经商参处参赞李柏军在印度主流媒体刊发文章，呼吁共同维护多边贸易体制，推动国际经济秩序朝着更加公正合理的方向前进。同时，文章对《中国与世界贸易组织》白皮书进行宣介。

多边贸易体制事关世界经济繁荣发展

Together, Keeping the Doors Open

从1948年关税与贸易总协定生效到1995年世贸组织正式成立，以世贸组织为核心，以规则为基础，透明、非歧视、开放和包容的多边贸易体制构建经历了多轮艰难的谈判和妥协。在世界各国的通力合作和细心呵护下，多边贸易体制总体顺利运转70年，贸易壁垒逐渐减少，贸易摩擦得到有效控制。然而，就像水和空气这些我们在生活中习以为常的事物一样，拥有时不以为奇，但一旦失去，则显得不可或缺。我们现在已难以想象，没有陪伴世界经济70年的、良好运转的多边贸易体制和自由贸易，生活将会怎样。然而，罗马并非一日建成，却可在一日之内被毁去，破坏精巧的规则，有时只需要一个不守规矩的玩家。

From General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in 1948 to WTO in 1995, the establishment of rules-based, transparent, non-discriminatory and open multilateral trading system embodied in the WTO has taken difficult negotiation and compromises. With countries all over the world working together, the multilateral trading system have worked well for 70 years, resulting in less trade barriers and fewer trade frictions. Like water and air, things that we took for granted in our lives, having such trading system seems natural. Only when we are at the risk of losing such functioning multilateral trading system and free trade, can we truly understand how indispensable it is and what our lives would become without it. Rome wasn’t built in a day, but can be destroyed in one day. To tear down such delicate system, all you need is a disruptive player.

近期，我们看到，美接连公布232、301调查项下征税建议，以国内法为依据单方对进口产品加征关税。2018年3月，美以威胁国家安全为由，对进口钢铁和铝产品分别征收25%和10%的关税。7月6日，美对中国340亿美元产品加征25%关税，并威胁将征收关税范围扩大至5000亿美元。作为对美贸易顺差国家，印也无可逃避的成为美单边贸易保护主义的受害者，输美钢、铝产品被加征关税。不仅如此，美还不断提升工作签证审核标准，限制印专业人员赴美工作；单方面限制印石油采购渠道，提升印石油采购成本。

Recently, we have witnessed the United States announcing the tariff recommendations under its Section 232 and Section 301 investigations. Entirely based on domestic law, The U.S. has decided to impose additional tariffs on various import goods. In March 2018, on national security grounds, U.S. has adopted tariffs of 25% and 10% on import steel and Aluminum products respectively. At July 6th, the U.S. has imposed additional 25% tariffs on $34 billion worth of Chinese goods. Moreover, U.S. threatens to consider imposing tariffs on another $500 billion worth of Chinese goods. As one of the countries enjoying surplus with the U.S., India has also become a victim of the U.S. unilateral, protectionist trade practices. Extra tariffs have been imposed to Indian steel and aluminum to the U.S. as well. Moreover, with more and more stringent H1B visa standard, fewer experts in India can work in the U.S. Oil import cost in India have been raised by the U.S. sanctions on the other country as well.

对美国违反世贸规则，发动迄今为止经济史上规模最大的贸易战的行为，中国已经做出了明确的回应。来而不往非礼也，为了捍卫国家核心利益和人民群众利益，我们不得不被迫做出必要反击，对美国采取同等规模和金额的征税措施。同样的，在被加征钢铁、铝关税后，印也对美采取了相当的征税措施。

Regarding the U.S. violating World Trade Organization rules and igniting the largest trade war in economic history, China has clearly expressed our stance. It's impolite not to make a return for what one receives. To defend the nation’s core interests and the people’s interests we are forced to fight back and impose counter tariffs on U.S. products with equal force and scale. Likewise, India has also decided to impose additional tariffs on $240 million worth of imports from the U.S., in retaliation against the tariffs imposed on Indian steel and aluminum exporting to the U.S.

中国有句古话，“覆巢之下无完卵”，贸易战没有赢家和受益者，只会殃及旁观者，危害全球产业链和价值链安全，引发市场动荡，打乱世界经济复苏进程。这将破坏印稳定发展的外部环境，引起汇率波动和石油等大宗商品价格波动，对印度制造产生负面影响，阻碍印经济继续腾飞。正如商工部普拉布部长所言，世贸组织的存在正在受到威胁，没有世贸组织，所有国家都将面临困难，混乱将会成为常态。

There is an old Chinese proverb that, in the open sea, if the boat capsizes, no one is safe from drowning. There are no winners in a trade war, only collateral damages. It threatens global supply chains and value chains, triggers global market turmoil and stalls the global economic recovery. This will not only disrupt the environment for Indian economic development, resulting fluctuations in currencies and oil and other commodities, but also undermine Made in India initiative, and slow down the taking off of Indian Economy. As Minister of Commerce and Industry of India, Mr. Suresh Prabhu puts, "The very existence of WTO is now under threat. But, if there is no WTO, all countries will face problems. There will be chaos.

当前，经济全球化出现波折，单边主义和保护主义抬头。中印两国作为多边贸易体制的倡导者和捍卫者，有义务保护以世贸组织为核心的多边贸易体制有效运转和自由贸易顺畅运行。捍卫多边贸易体制和自由贸易，是我们两国面临的共同挑战，也符合两国共同利益。习近平主席和莫迪总理先后在武汉、青岛会晤，就推动建设开放型世界经济，支持多边贸易体制，开展更积极的国际合作，共同应对全球性挑战达成共识。近日，中国还发布了《中国与世界贸易组织》白皮书，回顾中国加入世贸组织以来的发展历程，进一步阐明中国继续深化改革开放，支持完善多边贸易体制，推动全球自由贸易发展的决心。我们期待与印度携手，凝聚合力，支持多边贸易体制和自由贸易不断向前发展，推动国际经济秩序朝着更加公正合理的方向前进。

At present, economic globalization experiences twists and turns, and unilateralism and protectionism are on the rise. China and India have continuously promoted and defended the multilateral trading system. We have the responsibility to ensure the smooth function of multilateral trading system embodied in the WTO and free trade. It is also in the interest of our two countries to defend multilateral trading system and free trade. In President Xi Jinping and Prime Minister Modi’s meetings in Wuhan and Qingdao, the two leaders have agreed to promote the construction of an open world economy, support the multilateral trading system, and conduct more positive international cooperation to jointly cope with global challenges. Recently, China has published the White Paper “China and the World Trade Organization”. In this white paper, while looking back at our 17 years’ development and progress since joining WTO, we have further expressed our determination in deepening reform and opening-up, supporting the improvement of multilateral trading system, and pushing forward the development of global free trade. We look forward to working with India and building consensus to support the development of multilateral trading system and free trade, and to make the international political and economic order more just and equitable. 

来源：驻印度使馆经商参处