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中国古亭,沉淀千年的美!
古亭,有顶无墙。在古代的时候是设在路旁的公房,供旅客休憩的小型建筑。
“亭者,停也。人所停集也。”(《释名》)
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古时十里一长亭,五里一短亭。很多文人在羁旅途中或者与他人道别的时候,都喜欢在古亭抒发情感,表达自己的离愁别绪。
李白的《菩萨蛮》中写道:何处是归程,长亭连短亭。古亭从一种实用性的建筑被诗人赋予了悲伤色彩,后来成为了一种表达伤感的象征性建筑。
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另外,古亭的造型丰富,玲珑多姿,又多建在风景胜地和园林之中,因而还具有“临观之美”。
所谓“无亭不成园”,“无亭不成景”,用古亭来点缀园林景观,每每令人为之惊叹。
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中国四大名亭
安徽滁县醉翁亭、北京先农坛陶然亭、湖南长沙爱晚亭、浙江杭州湖心亭被称为中国“四大名亭”。
醉翁亭
位于安徽滁县琅琊山中,琅砑寺僧智仙建造,北宋庆历六年,欧阳修被贬到滁州任太守,自称“醉翁”,此亭遂为“醉翁亭”。
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陶然亭
位于北京右安门东北的先农坛,为清康熙三十四年工部郎中江藻所建,现辟为陶然亭公园。
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爱晚亭
位于湖南长沙岳麓山半山腰清风峡口上,清代乾隆年间岳麓书院山长罗典建造。原名红叶亭,又名爱枫亭,位于岳麓山下清风峡中,亭坐西向东,三面环山,古枫参天。
湖心亭
位于浙江省杭州市西湖中心的小岛上,又叫振鹭亭,初建于明嘉靖三十一年,万历年间重建改称湖心亭。
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人们运用各种艺术手段,把主观的情绪融入到筑亭造景之中,创造出借景生情的艺术情境。
因而,古亭不仅在空间形象上给人强烈的艺术感染力,在意境创造上更是臻于完美的境地。
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