WATIC系列专访2｜漫游建筑设计的数字化未来

WATIC系列专访旨在通过建筑科技创新力量加速建筑行业变革，采访将覆盖超过百万人群，意图聚集科技创新企业、学术机构、行业协会、建筑设计及城市规划等领域专家、领军人物。

内容将围绕创新科技在城市与建筑中的应用，探索新型建筑科技如何赋能城市建设，助力城市未来可持续发展，以专业的内容为产业链和创新链的融合发展带来借鉴意义。

vol.2

“数智营城”

系列专题采访

Digital & Intelligent Technology Build a Smarter City

采访时间：2021年8月23日

WATIC:对于建筑行业来说，数字赋能意味着什么？您理解的建筑行业数字化具体是指哪些方面？

What does digital empowerment mean for the construction industry? How do you understand about the digitalization of the construction industry?

大桥谕：建筑行业的数字赋能意味着从有了概念开始到施工完成的建造过程中将会产生更强的创造力和更高的质量控制，在整个设计过程以及施工过程中也将有可能整合新的可续技术。我们可以使用数字化工具进行设计，但也可以使用同一种数字化工具进入工厂以便控制项目或建筑物的制造和组装。

Satoshi Ohashi: The digitalization of the construction industry means more creativity and more quality control for the fabrication from the beginning of the concept until the completion of the construction this also allows to integrate new types of technology in the whole design process as well as the construction process where we can take that use digital tools to design but also use the same digital tools into the factories and control the making and assembly of projects or buildings.

丽泽SOHO模型 The model of Leeza SOHO

Credit:Zaha Hadid Architects

WATIC:我们对于这两个具有里程碑意义的地标建筑非常感兴趣——大兴国际机场和丽泽SOHO 去年在北京落成。从设计和施工角度 ，您认为这两个项目在科技数字领域实现了哪些突破？

We are very interested in these two landmarks - Daxing International Airport and Leeza SOHO were completed in Beijing last year. From the perspective of design and construction, what do you think these two projects have achieved in the field of technology and digital?

大桥谕：北京大兴国际机场和丽泽SOHO对在北京的我们来说是非常令人兴奋的项目，不仅仅是因为设计和施工的过程，更因为这两个项目都推动了数字设计、制造和施工的进程和技术。我们能够设计和控制建筑物的结构形态、功能规划、计划需求以及交通的流通和流动，从而控制项目的整体效率。数字化设计使我们能够最大限度地增加自然日光来呼应环境，从 3D 设计和概念工作到施工制造和完工，一切都是以数字化方式完成的。

Satoshi Ohashi: Beijing Daxing International Airport and Leeza SOHO were very exciting projects for us in Beijing, not only because of the design and construction, but because these two projects both push the possibilities and the technology of digital design, digital fabrication and construction. We were able to design and control the geometry of the buildings, the functional planning and programmatic requirements, as well as the circulation and flow of traffic so that we can control the overall efficiency of the project. The design responding to the environment by the maximizing the amount of natural day light everything was done digitally from 3-D design and concept work until the construction fabrication and completion.

大兴国际机场 Daxing International Airport

图片来自新华社

WATIC: 我们了解到在刚成立事务所之初，你们没有电脑，完全是手工绘图。您认为如果没有科技手段的介入，扎哈的理念和极具张力的现代感设计是否能依然存在？

We learned that at the beginning of the establishment of the design firm, you did not even have a computer, and you were drawing by hand. If there is no intervention of scientific and technological means, would Zaha Hadid’s ideas and the highly-tensioned modern design still exist?

大桥谕：从事务所创立之初，我们的设计就最大程度地受到灵感启发，并在此过程始终响应着特定的环境和周边景观。我们将理解事物、人、城市和自然的关系作为设计的本源，这些流动的、流畅的自然语言在演变过程中为创造新的空间组织和创造无限的可能性。

Satoshi Ohashi: From the early days, our designs are inspired and always respond to the specific conditions and landscape. We are able to understand the relationship of things, the people, the city and nature all coming together. These flows and seamless language evolved to create new spatial organizations and new possibilities.

80年代伦敦“Studio 9”

Studio 9 London in the 1980s

Credit: Zaha Hadid Architects

WATIC:扎哈·哈迪德建筑事务所一直走在用新材料展现复杂几何结构的前沿。您能分享一下自己在为特定项目挑选合适材料时的经验和经历吗？这些新材料对于实现“绿色建筑”有何促进作用？

Zaha Hadid Architects has been at the forefront of showing complex geometric structures with new materials. Would you like to share your experience and experience in selecting suitable materials for a specific project? How do these new materials promote the realization of "green buildings"?

大桥谕：扎哈·哈迪德建筑事务所一直对整合新技术、理解复杂几何和结构系统深感兴趣。而在中国工作的规模和速度发展使我们已经学会理解需要应对这些客户端要求的具体情况，比如地方政府对于项目的愿望、预算及应对环境，以及如何在此基础上应用新的材料。材料和制造技术的结合使我们能够设计出更绿色、更可持续发展的建筑，从而在最大程度上减少能源消耗。通过在外立面中创建悬挑或屏风来遮挡阳光、风雨以及立体绿化、绿色景观为人们提供了更多的开放和互动空间。

Satoshi Ohashi: Zaha Hadid Architects has always been interested in integrating the use of new technologies and understanding complex geometries and organizational systems. We integrate the use of new materials, also while working in China because of the scale and the speed of development we have learned to understand what is needed to respond to these specific conditions required by the client, local governments, aspirations of the project, of course the budget and also responding to the environment. The integration of materials and fabrication technology allow us to design more green and sustainable buildings that can reduce energy consumption. By creating overhangs or screens in the façade to protect from the sunlight, wind or rain as well as terracing green spaces, and green landscapes allow for more ventilation and interaction spaces to be enjoyed by the people.

建筑模型 Archiecture Model

Credit: Zaha Hadid Architects

WATIC:可否与我们共同畅想一下未来的建筑设计？您认为在不久的未来，人工智能（AI）是否会取代传统的设计模式？

Let’s talk about the architectural design of the future. Do you think artificial intelligence (AI) will replace traditional design models soon?

大桥谕：关于未来建筑设计和人工智能会不会取代传统设计方式是一个有趣的议题。但最终，设计是关于人的创造力和思维的，这是人工智能所永远无法取代的，但它却能让我们加快了数据分析、应用的过程、也是一种精确计算和理解空间设计和事物关系的方法。总而言之，实际的设计思维和人类的感性考量是永远不会被取代的。

Satoshi Ohashi: The issue about architecture design of the future and the use of artificial intelligence replacing our traditional ways of design is an interesting question. In the end, it is about the creativity and thinking that will not be replaced by the tools of artificial intelligence, however it allows us to speed up the data analysis, engineering, precise calculations and methods of understanding the designing of spaces and the relationship of things. The actual design thinking and sensibilities of human scale will not be replaced.

工作室早期的手稿Early manuscripts

Credit: Zaha Hadid Architects

在有非常多的设计单位，例如BIG，开始搭建自己的设计平台，增加动态数字体验，也称作“沉浸式设计”，扎哈·哈迪德建筑事务所有没有考虑搭建类似的平台？而这样的独立设计平台是否会对Adobe、Autodesk 公司等造成市场份额的冲击？这将对今后的设计板块带来怎样的变革？

Many design firms, such as BIG, they started to build their own design platform to increase the dynamic digital experience, also known as "immersive design". Have Zaha Hadid Architects considered about building a similar platform? Will such an independent design platform cause a market share impact on Adobe, Autodesk, etc.? In your opinion, what kind of changes will this bring to the design sector in the future?

大桥谕：是的，多年来，扎哈·哈迪德建筑事务所在公司培养了研究和设计团队能够将新的数字技术整合到整个设计过程中来。 我们同样也开发了 VR 及其分析技术，可以创造身临其境的设计体验和模拟，让我们能够更好地了解需求、要求及空间关系。 我们可以在虚拟现实如同现实一般模拟和创造新的空间和体验。 这不仅为新的设计方式创造了机遇，也同样为我们创造了一个可以分享这些经验的平台。

Satoshi Ohashi: Yes, Zaha Hadid Architects has developed over many years of research and design teams within the company that integrate new digital technologies within the whole design process. We have developed VR and analytics that create immersive design experiences and simulations that allow us to understand better the needs and requirements and spatial relationships. We can simulate and create new spaces and experiences, both in virtual reality as well as in physical reality. This will create new opportunities in new ways of not only design but also create a platform where we can share these experiences.

望京SOHO表皮施工研究图

其中黄色和绿色的都是平面材料，占据大约90%的表皮面积，蓝色和红色部分才是有弧度的

The yellow and green are flat materials,

occupying about 90% of the facade area,

and the blue and red parts are curved.

Credit: Zaha Hadid Architects

对WATIC大会的期待:

Expectations for the WATIC

我认为本次会议将有助于推动整个行业的新技术和进步，创造业的新工具将使我们更易于理解，并为我们的生活工作享受生活方式创造更好的场所和空间。

I think this conference will help promote the new technology and advancement of the whole industry. New tools for the creative industry which will allow us to better understand and make better places and spaces for our live-work-enjoy lifestyles.

——大桥谕 Satoshi Ohashi

扎哈 · 哈迪德建筑设计事务所 总监

Director of Zaha Hadid Architects

The End

WATIC大会:

2021世界建筑科技创新大会将于2021年11月25-26日在中国海口举办，本届大会将以“数智营城·科技赋能”作为主题，围绕创新科技在城市与建筑中的应用，探索数字建筑科技如何赋能城市建设，助力城市未来可持续发展。大会由海南省相关政府机构作为指导单位，世界建筑科技创新大会组委会主办，组委会由东方环球会展集团和Gentmon建盟国际文化传播发起。