北外一博士毕业生论文涉嫌抄袭现任职湖北工大，两校均将核查

近日，澎湃新闻（www.thepaper.cn）接获举报，北京外国语大学2012届博士毕业生、现供职于湖北工业大学外国语学院的杨佑文在读博期间发表的学术论文，涉嫌大面积抄袭安徽大学的一篇硕士学位论文。

随后，澎湃新闻记者从百度学术网和中国知网上下载了这两篇论文，分别是北京外国语大学博士毕业生杨佑文在2011年读博期间发表在学术期刊Theory and Practice in Language Studies（TPLS是2011年创刊的一本学术期刊，出版周期是月刊，其出版方是芬兰研究学会出版社）上的一篇题为《A Cognitive Interpretation of Discourse Deixis》的论文（以下简称“杨佑文论文”），和安徽大学英语语言文学专业2003届硕士毕业生孙中勤的硕士学位论文《Cognitive Approach to Deixis》（以下简称“孙中勤论文”）。

从时间上来看，孙中勤论文完成于2003年5月，杨佑文论文发表于2011年2月，杨佑文论文的发表时间比孙中勤论文晚了近8年。

澎湃新闻对比发现，从正文到总结部分再到参考文献，杨佑文论文都与孙中勤论文高度雷同，部分段落近乎完全一致。

针对杨佑文论文涉嫌抄袭一事，12月21日，澎湃新闻电话联系了北京外国语大学和湖北工业大学。两所高校相关负责人均表示，对学术不端问题十分重视，将尽快调查核实。

正文和参考文献近乎照搬

首先，从正文结构上看，孙中勤论文分为5个部分，分别是“Introduction”、“Traditional Approaches to Deixis”、“Limitations of Traditional Views on Deixis”、“Cognitive Approach to Deixis”和“Conclusion”。

其中，第四部分“Cognitive Approach to Deixis”又下设4个小节，题目分别是“The ICM of Deixis”、“Mental Space Theory and Deixis”、“Deictic Prototype Effect”和“Physical Space Lays the Foundation for Deixis”。

杨佑文论文也分为5个部分，分别是“Deixis in Discourse”、“Discourse Deixis”、“A Cognitive Interpretation of Deixis”、“Spatial Conceptualization of Discourse Deixis”和“Conclusion”。

澎湃新闻对比发现，杨佑文论文虽然题目设置与孙中勤论文不一样，但具体内容高度雷同，多个段落近乎一字不差。

比如，孙中勤论文第一部分“Introduction”开头写道：“Deixis in its traditional linguistic sense refers to the fact that certain linguistic forms have direct pragmatic interpretation depending on parameters of the speech situation, rather than a stable semantic value. In particular, their interpretation is contextually anchored to the identity of the speaker and addressee, their locations, and the time of the utterance. When A asks B on the phone, ‘Will you come here?’the linguistic expressions you, here, and will are interpreted as ‘addressee’, ‘location of the speaker’, and ‘after time of utterance’, respectively.”

杨佑文论文第一部分“Deixis in Discourse”的第一段内容是：“Deixis in its traditional linguistic sense refers to the fact that certain linguistic forms have direct pragmatic interpretation depending on parameters of the speech situation, rather than a stable semantic value. Specifically, their interpretation is contextually anchored to the identity of the speaker and addressee, their locations, and the time of the utterance. When A asks B on the phone, ‘Will you come here?’the linguistic expressions ‘you’, ‘here’（and even ‘come’）, and ‘will’ are interpreted as the ‘addressee’, ‘location of the speaker’, and ‘after time of utterance’, respectively.”

杨佑文论文第一部分（下）和孙中勤论文第一部分（上）雷同的内容。

对比发现，杨佑文论文除了多了几个引号和一个括号注解，又将“In particular”改成“Specifically”，其他内容均与孙中勤论文一致。

再比如，孙中勤论文第四部分第一节“The ICM of Deixis”的一段内容是：“Lakoff calls the above the pointing-out ICM of there-constructions, and convincingly argues that it gives rise to the prototypical structure of this category and motivates its various uses. It is clear from the above that this description of deixis is based on the following inferences: firstly, there should be an existential presupposition of an entity in space; secondly, the speaker intends to direct the hearer's attention to the entity, and thirdly, the speaker's intention is fulfilled by the use of the particular construction. It is reasonable to assume that whatever definition is proposed for the deictic ICM, it should include the three essential aspects of the ICM of there-constructions.”

杨佑文论文在题目相同的小节“The ICM of Deixis”中也写道：“Lakoff calls the above the pointing-out ICM of there-constructions, and convincingly argues that it gives rise to the prototypical structure of this category and motivates its various uses. It is clear from the above that this description of deixis is based on the following inferences: firstly, there should be an existential presupposition of an entity in space; secondly, the speaker intends to direct the hearer's attention to the entity, and thirdly, the speaker's intention is fulfilled by the use of the particular construction. It is reasonable to assume that whatever definition is proposed for the deictic ICM, it should include the three essential aspects of the ICM of there-constructions.”

仔细对比发现，以上两段内容包括标点在内，毫无差别。

还比如，孙中勤论文第四部分第二节“Mebtal Space”有一段内容表述为：“An ICM structures a mental space. Mental spaces are ‘constructs distinct from linguistic structures but built up in any discourse according to guidelines provided by the linguistic expressions’ (Fauconnier1985:16). They concern the understanding of any fixed or ongoing states of affairs such as immediate reality, fictional or hypothetical situations, past or future situations, representations of situations as in pictures and photos, or abstract domains such as subject matters (economics, politics, linguistics, etc.). Linguistic expressions functioning as space-builders include prepositional phrases, such as ‘in the play’, adverbs (‘really’, ‘probably’), connectives (‘if...then’, ‘either...or’), and clauses of prepositional attitude (Mary hopes...,believes...,claims..., etc.). Mental spaces are represented as sets of elements with relations holding between them. Elements in a space may have counterparts in another space. An element in one space may trigger another element, the target, in another space on the basis of a pragmatic function holding between the two elements. For example, one pragmatic function links authors with their works. Thus, reference to the author may trigger reference to his works, and the connector between the two is the above pragmatic function. It is suggested that ‘connectors are part of ICMs, which are set up locally, culturally, or on general experiential or psychological grounds’ (Fauconnier 1985:10).”

杨佑文论文在题目相同的小节“Mental Space”也写道：“An ICM structures a mental space. Mental spaces are ‘constructs distinct from linguistic structures but built up in any discourse according to guidelines provided by the linguistic expressions’ (Fauconnier,1985,p.16). They concern the understanding of any fixed or ongoing states of affairs such as immediate reality, fictional or hypothetical situations, past or future situations, representations of situations as in pictures and photos, or abstract domains such as subject matters (economics, politics, linguistics, etc.). Linguistic expressions functioning as space-builders include prepositional phrases, such as ‘in the play’, adverbs (‘really’, ‘probably’), connectives (‘if...then’, ‘either...or’), and clauses of prepositional attitude (Mary hopes...,believes...,claims..., etc.). Mental spaces are represented as sets of elements with relations holding between them. Elements in a space may have counterparts in another space. An element in one space may trigger another element, the target, in another space on the basis of a pragmatic function holding between the two elements. For example, one pragmatic function links authors with their works. Thus, reference to the author may trigger reference to his works, and the connector between the two is the above pragmatic function. It is suggested that ‘connectors are part of ICMs, which are set up locally, culturally, or on general experiential or psychological grounds’ (Fauconnier,1985,p.10).”

对比发现，以上两段内容，除了“Fauconnier1985:16”被改写成“Fauconnier,1985,p.16”，以及“Fauconnier1985:10”被改成“Fauconnier,1985,p.10”，其他内容一字不差。

除此之外，澎湃新闻记者还对比发现，杨佑文论文的结语，与孙中勤论文开篇的总体介绍高度相似。

孙中勤论文在“Introduction”最后一段写道：“My paper aims at proposing a cognitive structure for deixis, in terms of which deixis is understood and used to structure reality, so that reality is internally experienced and hence reproduced or changed. The approach to deixis adopted in the paper originates in cognitive semantics and comprises cognitive models, image schematic and metaphorical structures as in Lakoff (1987) and LakofF and Johson (1999), mental spaces as in Fauconnier (1985, 1997), and prototype structure as in Rosch (1978) and Taylor (1995).”

杨佑文论文则在结语“Conclusion”第一段写道：“This paper aims at proposing a cognitive structure for discourse deixis, in terms of which deixis is understood and used to structure reality, so that reality is internally experienced and hence reproduced or changed. The approach to deixis adopted in the paper originates in cognitive semantics and comprises cognitive models, image schematic and metaphorical structures as in Lakoff (1987) and Lakoff and Johson (1999), mental spaces as in Fauconnier(1985, 1997), and prototype structure as in Rosch (1978) and Taylor (1995).”

对比发现，杨佑文论文除了将“my paper”改成“this paper”，以及将孙中勤论文这段内容中第一次出现的“deixis”改成“discourse deixis”，其他部分与孙中勤论文的表述一模一样。

除了论文正文，杨佑文论文的参考文献部分，也近乎照搬孙中勤论文的参考文献。

孙中勤论文有37条参考文献，杨佑文论文有28条参考文献。对比发现，杨佑文论文的28条参考文献中有23条文献，包括作者、出版社和页码，均和孙中勤论文的参考文献一致。

北外和湖北工大均回应会调查处理

澎湃新闻从杨佑文论文最后一段的自我介绍中了解到，杨佑文生于1967年，是湖北黄冈人，2002年从湖北大学获得硕士学位。发表这篇涉嫌抄袭的学术论文时，即2011年2月，杨佑文正在北京外国语大学攻读博士学位，彼时，他还同时是温州大学外国语学院的一名教师。

2011年12月，杨佑文完成其博士学位论文，2012年拿到博士学位。

《北京外国语大学惩处学术不端行为具体办法》规定，已毕业的学生，如果在校期间有诸如剽窃、抄袭、严重抄袭、篡改实验数据、伪造等学术不端行为的，将被撤销其学位并收回毕业证书及学位证书。

12月21日上午，针对此事，北京外国语大学科研处李姓老师对澎湃新闻回应称，杨佑文是该校2012届的博士毕业生。

学校方面目前已经接到了关于杨佑文学术不端的举报。学校纪委办公室已就此事下发相关函件，联合研究生院和科研处等部门启动了调查处理程序，同时请了校外的知名专家配合调查。此外，科研处也将此事告知了英语学院，英语学院也正在进行相关调查核实。

“学校对学风建设十分重视，对此事目前正在积极处理之中。”上述李姓老师补充说，“学校一定会积极妥善地处理此事，给出一个令人信服的处理结果。”

随后澎湃新闻又联系了杨佑文目前的供职单位湖北工业大学。湖北工业大学官网显示，杨佑文系该校外国语学院副院长。

此外，学校官网今年6月25日曾发布一则关于调整该校学术委员会和二级学院教授委员会组成的通知，杨佑文在此次调整中还被列入湖北工业大学学术委员会委员名单之中。

针对杨佑文论文涉嫌抄袭一事，21日上午，湖北工业大学纪委有关负责人接受澎湃新闻采访时表示，湖北工业大学一直没有放松对严谨治学学风建设的要求，虽然目前校方还未接到对杨佑文论文涉嫌抄袭的举报，但校方会尽快了解此事。

随后，澎湃新闻又致电湖北工业大学外国语学院，该学院党委书记王俊表示，感谢媒体对学校学风建设的关注，学校对学术不端的问题非常重视，会在第一时间调查核实此事，情况属实会尽快启动处理程序。